On Characteristics of Ice Ridges and Icebergs for Design of Ship Hulls in Polar Regions Based on Environmental Design Contours

Ice ridges and icebergs generally pose a major threat to both ships offshore facilities that operate in Polar regions. In many cases these features will govern the structural design loads associated with Ultimate Limit State (ULS) Accidental (ALS). general, large number of load must be considered order ascertain an adequate resistance. Alternatively, conservatively high values relevant parameters can applied, which implies cost penalties. Accordingly, it is natural consider methods serve reduce cases. Based on information about statistical properties characterize ice icebergs, most likely combinations for purposes are highly relevant. On this background, so-called environmental contour method applied. Probabilistic models key ship interaction process introduced. Subsequently, procedure referred as inverse reliability (IFORM) applied identification contour. Different forms (i.e., dimensions) contours generated reflect characteristics process. Furthermore, effect increasing correlation between basic studied. addition, increase parameter encounter frequencies illustrated.